navy master diver

Two Air Force planes collided off the coast of Spain, dropping a hydrogen bomb into the ocean. Navy enlisted personnel that graduate from second class or first class dive school; and ultimately master diver comprise the Navy Diver rating. The US Navy out of Australia sent divers down to recover intelligence off the Japanese submarine I-124 in just four fathoms (7.3m) of water. The U.S. Navy Dive motto is "We Dive the World Over." Master Diver Garcia led his Sailors, who he calls America's sons and daughters, through underwater salvage, harbor clearance and underwater repair missions in oceans all over the globe. A Master Diver is qualified to wear the Master Diver badge. Until 1912, U.S. Navy divers rarely went below 60 fsw (feet of seawater), and that was a real problem for submarine rescue operations. In the Pacific, the first combat mission for UDTs was a daylight reconnaissance and demolition project off the beaches of Saipan in June 1944. Catalog#: USN 1103841. Deep-Sea Stories with Master Diver Steve Wiggins. . This article was . [3] In that year, Chief Gunner George D. Stillson set up a program to test Haldane's diving tables and methods of stage decompression. In 1927, USS S-4 (SS-109) was lost in a collision with the Coast Guard cutter USS Paulding. [31] The Tektite project was a product of the Cold War. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the average annual salary in the United States is $44,321. CHESAPEAKE, Va. The son of the Navy's first Black master diver spoke is speaking about his father's legacy. Navy Diver School, Second Class, San Diego 1963; the diving school had a diving boat we used to do our SCUBA open sea dives, offshore from Point Loma in San Diego . Advanced diving qualification awarded upon completion of ND 'C' School. The United States Navy is one of the most prestigious institutions in the world, and its no surprise that many of the worlds top talent choose to join. The PADI divemaster certification distinguishes itself as one of the most prestigious titles in the world. First class divers could work 300ft (91m) depths while salvage and second class divers were qualified down to 150ft (46m). The names and dates were copied exactly from Ray's original page. The ND rating is designated as an advanced technical field six-year obligation program. NAVET and OSVET Accessions. As part of the Global War on Terrorism, provide underwater port and harbor security around the world. [25]:4201 The divers off the Widgeon and the Gypsy brought her up. Answer (1 of 3): Not Navy, but Master Diver is a qualification, not a rank. May 19th: 4pm Meet and greet / Man in the Sea Museum. He was a Black Master Chief Boatswain's Mate and the first Black Master Diver in the U.S. Navy. If a Navy enlisted member is (note 1) with an Navy Enlisted Classification of: then the member may receive diving duty pay at the monthly rate of: assigned to diving duty under instruction at an approved Armed Services diving school (note 2) $150: Master Diver: MMDV: $340: Master Underwater Construction Diver: B18A: $340: First Class Diver . They will have had a lot of experience diving, which will have allowed them to spend a lot of time in a variety of underwater environments, ranging from daytime diving to deep sea diving. A typical months salary is $3,693. 2 master diver 3 diver first class 4 salvage diver 5 diver second class 6 combat diver (note 3) B then the member is entitled to diving pay at the monthly rate of $110 The divers from Destroyer Repair Unit 1 are credited with creating the arc-oxygen underwater cutting torch. Subscribe now and never hit a limit. Second Class Dive School (15 weeks) at the Naval Diving and Salvage Training Center (NDSTC) in Panama City, FL, for training in any or all of the . Chief Gunner's Mate Stephen J. Drellishak onWalke (Destroyer #34)immediately after returning from his record 274 foot dive, 3 November 1914. Note: The times and quantities listed are for passing the screening test only. Other aspects include recovery and research of torpedoes, installation and repair of electronic arrays, underwater construction, and the recovery of downed aircraft. As American technology expanded in the early 1900s the US Navy developed an interest in submarine warfare. An enlisted member who obtains Master Diver status is authorized to have the warfare designator (MDV) after . [19] However, the divers of CB 96 used 1,727,250lbs of dynamite to blast 423,300 cubic yards (323,600m3) of coral for the ship repair facility on Manicani Island, as an element of the Naval Operating Base Leyte-Samar. Copyright owner: National Archives. Recovery efforts include the salvaging of entire ships and aircraft as well as the recovery of debris that has accumulated over miles of ocean floor using sophisticated equipment and explosives. In the United States, the average yearly salary for a US Navy Diver is $61,815, which is 23 percent higher than the national average. Navy Divers and diver support personnel are encouraged to use this web site which has been designed specifically for your enjoyment and to facilitate communication between all active, inactive, and retired Navy Divers and Diver Support Personnel. He was a son of Kentucky sharecroppers and the sixth . The vast majority of these divers are men, although there are a small number of women who serve as Navy divers. Each of the submarine rescue ships had divers assigned too. There they salvaged code books, maps of Japanese fortifications on Luzon plus 500,000 yen; it was a major intelligence coup. Choose one of the five specialty topics provided. Divers from USSNavajo were there too with their underwater cutters working on USS New Orleans. On 21 February 2009, Nauticus, a science and maritime museum in downtown Norfolk, VA, opened a new exhibit called "Dream to Dive: The Life of Master Diver Carl Brashear." It is the first full-scale museum exhibit dedicated to Brashear. If you are ready to advance to the next level, the course is the ideal place to start. A Master Diver has the most experience and knowledge on all aspects of diving and underwater salvage. 030808-N-0000X-002. July 27, 2006. The United States Navy Master Diver is the highest warfare qualification obtainable by a member of U.S. Navy diving community. May 20th: 4pm Meet and greet / Main Deck NSA Panama City. Catalog#: NH 99834. U.S. Navy Badges. The knowledge gained from the SEALAB expeditions helped advance the science of deep sea diving and rescue, and contributed to the understanding of the psychological and physiological strains humans can endure. They are responsible for a variety of tasks, including salvage operations, underwater construction, and repairing underwater pipelines. Copyright owner: National Archives. Certain diving qualification allows NDs to live and work at extreme depths for days or weeks at a time, a discipline known as saturation diving. For depths less than 60ft (18m) a modified USN Mk III or MK IV gas mask was considered acceptable and preferred by the men of the 27th CB. [18] The 27th Naval Construction Battalion logged 2,550 diving hours, with 1,345 classified as "extra hazardous". It is a voluntary sport and is open to the general public. They put their lives on the line every day to protect our country and its citizens. WWII brought with it an expanded need for divers that began immediately after the December 7, 1941 Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. 1 to 24 (of 65 items) The Navy Master Diver rating, which is only given to enlisted personnel with the necessary experience and qualifications, is an extremely specialized and demanding qualification. In addition to duties as a second class diver, first class divers serve as diving and chamber treatment supervisors. [12], At Operation Crossroads the Navy had qualified divers on multiple ships assigned to Task Unit TU 1.2.7 (salvage unit) of the Joint Task Force 1: USSClamp,[25] USSConserver,[25]:3089 USSCoucal,[25] :31112USSCurrent,[25]:31417 USSEtlah,[25]:3235 USSGypsy,[25]:3336 USSPreserver,[25]:38992 and USSWidgeon. From tank tops to t-shirts to hoodies, we have amazing clothes for men, women, & children. [46] The divers surveyed participated as divers for an average of 18 years out of their average 24 active duty years. [24] Millions of dollars in silver coinage had been dumped in Caballo Bay, an inlet on greater Manila Bay, to keep it from falling into Japanese hands. The pay rates for Navy Divers differ depending on the experience, certifications, and specialty of the diver, making comparisons difficult. [21] Earlier in the year, at Kamimbo Bay, USS Ortolan divers recovered a pile of documents off the partially sunk Japanese submarine I-1 that was turned over to intelligence. By Margalit Fox. Another historic note to the Seabees is that they had African American divers in the 34th CB. After that, they must complete a four-year dive assignment and have a minimum of three years of active duty service. [35] In 2018 MDSU divers were again requested by the Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency or DPAA, which had absorbed JPAC. The navy diver rating was announced in Naval Administration Message 003/06 and consists of sailors with the following NECs: The effective date of the ND rating was June 1, 2006 for E6-E9 (senior non-commissioned officers), and October 1, 2006, for E1-E5 junior enlisted. Brashear was born on January 19, 1931, in Tonieville, Ky. These are some of the worlds most experienced and knowledgeable divers when it comes to diving and underwater work. $14.99 + $4.99 shipping. Open water certifications are one type of certification, while PADI Master Diver certifications are another. In the 1980s Mobile Diving Salvage Unit 1 and 2 were created. By the time he reached the shore ninety minutes later, he'd bled out, he had no pulse and wasn't breathing. They possess unrivaled expertise. He develops training programs and qualifies personnel in diving equipment, systems and procedures. Divers are brought to the 150 foot level where they have made requalification dives from the fantail of Grapple (ARS-7). In this case, the number of Navy Divers on duty and the amount of diving they do should be taken into account. Its just $1 per month , By [7] Because of the shallow working depth the divers had no diving time limitation leading to fourteen hour days seven days a week. Edward C. Raymer, Naval Institute Press, 291 Wood Rd, Annapolis, MD, 1996, p. contents, Salvage Diary from I March-1942-15 November 1943 pdf, Industrial Department War Daiary Collection, National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) in San Bruno, California, Salvage Begins: II USS Nevada, Decent into Darkness, Cdr. Navy divers plunged into World War II with the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. Catalog#: 80-G-202821. You will learn the principles of scuba and surface-supplied diving along with underwater welding and cutting. [46] Sixty percent of the divers surveyed were receiving disability compensation. However, if the candidate uses the bottom to stand or rest, they will fail the test). Throughout a three-year period, first diving in tanks ashore and then in open water in Long Island Sound from USSWalke,[3] Navy divers went progressively deeper. He directs and supervises surface and underwater demolition operations for salvage, ship husbandry, or underwater construction operations and employs the principle and techniques of precision demolition in projects requiring cutting, flattening and/or removing of pilings, obsolete moorings, or other obstructions in channels, harbors, open oceans, or other areas of concern. Combat divers must be on hand to complete a mission with a SEAL Team. As part of Navy Fleet Divers (NDs), they provide underwater salvage, repair, and maintenance, submarine rescue, and support of Special Warfare and Explosive Ordinance Disposal. It can be difficult for those who are new to diving to pass the certification test. The Navy's prototype deep submergence rescue vehicle (DSRV) was built by Lockheed Missiles and Space Co. and capable of rescuing up to 24 Sailors at a time from a disabled submarine. Rick Bettua should be dead. Disaster struck on March 23, 1966. Jones, M.J. Osborne, F.R. . In New Jersey, Navy Diver salaries are ranked 26th, according to a study by the National Salary Survey Bureau. The clearance of Manila harbor was a huge project where divers led by master diver Joseph S. Karneke from USSChanticleer repeated the action. Several Thai navy divers took part in the rescue. MADE WITH RESPECT. A Master Diver is qualified to teach some basic diving courses, but is not a professional dive instructor. A diving master is the first level of certification that allows you to become a professional diver. 1900-1939 BADDERS, WILLIAM (04/20/31) CRANDALL, ORSON (03/18/39) First class diver - E-6 to E-8 personnel. Registration on or use of this site constitutes acceptance of our Terms of Service. [12] All dives to salvage ships at Pearl Harbor were given that designation. This beautiful U.S Master Diver Ring is simply the finest ring on the market today. . [46] When compared to the general population, the divers showed better mental health but poorer physical health.[46]. As a result of these submarine disasters a corresponding growth in the Navy's diving capability was developed. As a direct result of the program, the first U.S. Navy Diving Manual was published, and the Navy Diving School at Newport, Rhode Island, was established. SEALAB was led by Captain George F. Bond with divers from the fleet. Class E6. [42], The center has 22 different courses of instruction for roughly 1300 students annually. [11] Two steelworkers from CB 3 had previously been certified to dive with the Salvage and Repair Unit on USS West Virginia, however they were recalled because their commanding officer objected to the pay they received. Heres a look at their daily routine: two to three weeks of work per month, with 10 hours per day. The United States Navy currently employs over 2,500 active duty divers and approximately 5,000 reserve duty divers. $16.99 + $4.99 shipping. On a high ledge in the corner of a 12-foot deep test pool containing some 33,000 gallons of 40-degree water sits an unfinished Sudoku puzzle. The light seen in the visor is the DAVD heads up display system. Hyperbaric illnesses and injuries, as well as emergency treatment for diving-related injuries, are treated in their emergency rooms. To become a PADI divemaster, you must have at least 40 dives and reach the 60-dive mark by the end of the program. While most other recruits are revolted by the thought of sharing their bunk . The stern was nearly completely blown off USSPensacola. After 12 to 20 years of rigorous training, you will be one of the Navys best. It is their job to execute the U.S. military's special diving tasks like saturation diving. To be the first to achieve anything requires a special type of attitude, one that isn't discouraged by naysayers. Gladeck, E.J. Join PopSci+ to read sciences greatest stories. They are the ones who are trained to enter hostile environments and disable or destroy enemy targets in order to achieve their mission. A person who has completed a Specialty Course is ready to dive in that location or with that type of diving equipment, and he or she can use the diving equipment or dive insurance number (DSC) to obtain a dive permit and dive insurance. Training for Diving Medical Officers and diving medical technicians is also part of Fleet training. One goal of the program was to develop better Navy diving equipment as well. His parents were McDonald and Gonzella Brashear. They are the ideal personnel to work with because they are well-versed in and experienced in any underwater operation. The Navy's computerized personnel system associates the rating name with an . The median household income is $31,000, putting it in the 25th percentile. At Chu Lai Combat Base in 1967 Mobile Construction Battalion 71 had an Underwater Construction Team search the Tra Bong River for a missing Squad of Marines that the Marines wanted back no matter what. As a SSI Master Diver, you must have completed at least 50 dives and have completed four SSI specialty courses. They also observe the condition of other support personnel and are alert for signs of fatigue, overexposure, and heat exhaustion. Despite the fact that 57% of Navy Divers earn between $59,005 and $148,889 per year, the median salary for Navy Divers is $59,004. [34] Their efforts made the Stars and Stripes Pacific edition. Master Diver Reunion / Panama City Beach. McMullan, S.E. They must be able to demonstrate expert knowledge of diving physics, physiology, and decompression theory. Although designated as Navy Divers after successful completion of Second Class Diver school, NDs are not authorized to wear the second class dive pin until qualified as a Diving and Salvage Warfare . Many of these warriors are compelled to work because they enjoy it so much. [1], The US Navy began employing divers in the middle of the 1800s; these were mostly were swimmers and skin divers using techniques that had not been altered for hundreds of years. His race was an obstacle, as were his upbringing on a sharecropper's farm in rural Kentucky and the modest amount of education he received there. Three additional significant areas of improvement included saturation diving, the development of deep diving systems, and progress in advanced diving equipment design. The hull of the overturned battle ship USS Oklahoma (BB-37), as well as other parts of it, had already been cut open. [26] The Diving officers did written reports of all observations, C.2.9 identifies what was found on USSArkansas on 21 August 1947 with everything underwater photographed. [25]:2712 Divers carried a watertight Geiger tube that was monitored by their support crews so that they could be warned and retracted from radioactive hot spots.[26]. Underwater mechanics and tools, and underwater cutting and welding. An Omega Seamaster Diver 300M Co-Axial Master Chronometer mens watch, 43.5 mm model. The first divers to reach the submarine at 102 fsw were able to make contact with the men trapped inside, but were unable to rescue them due to a hose connection that was feasible in theory but in reality could not provide the men in the submarine with oxygen. [22][23] When Chanticleer first left the States part of its mission was to provide diver training to the fleet based out of Freemantle, Australia. To become a master diver, candidates must first complete a two-year training program. Divers are the heart and soul of the SEAL Team. Michael Koziol My buddy DC2 DV2 Auman and I, BM3 DV2 K.-W. Welteke are the last 2 people at right of the rear row. The UDT conducted its first combat mission off the beaches of Saipan during daylight reconnaissance and demolition missions in June 1944. A person seeking open-water certification must take an Open Water Course, which teaches basic scuba skills as part of a series of safety courses. But as he works through diving training, the bitter and racist . a. Second class diver - E-4 to E-5 personnel. He was also one of, if not the first black man to attain the enlisted rank of Chief Petty Officer. During the 1960s the Navy had divers involved in two submersed projects, Tektite and SEALAB I, II, and III. A master diver is qualified to wear the master diver badge. Cushing Phillips, p. 45, Corregidor Treasures, Philippine Sailor, Karl-Wilhelm Welteke, July 2018, Appendix A: Activities of Participating Navy Vessels During Operation Crossroads , DNA 6032F Operation Crossroads 1946, United States Atmospheric Nuclear Weapons Tests Nuclear Test Personnel Review, L. Berkhouse, J.H. JEB Little Creek Virginia Beach, VA . Deep submergence - Probing the greatest depths in the name of research and other classified missions. Training includes: Diver Preparation Course (7 weeks) at Naval Training Command, Great Lakes, IL, for training in basic electrical and engineering courses, water adaptability and physical fitness. , as well as emergency treatment for diving-related injuries, as well as emergency treatment for diving-related,! World War II with the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor were given that designation average! Classified missions hours per day the certification test [ 18 ] the divers surveyed were receiving disability compensation this. Are a small number of women who serve as Navy divers on duty and the sixth in collision! Most prestigious titles in the world each of the program, first class divers serve Navy! Registration on or use of this site constitutes acceptance of our Terms of service their bunk are responsible for variety. Its citizens heat exhaustion Navy enlisted personnel that graduate from second class Diver - to. Underwater salvage planes collided off the coast of Spain, dropping a hydrogen bomb into the ocean sixth... ( MDV ) after, certifications, and heat exhaustion qualifies personnel in diving equipment systems... Class divers serve as diving and chamber treatment supervisors Co-Axial Master Chronometer mens watch, 43.5 mm model is part... Diving capability was developed it in the United States Navy currently employs over 2,500 active duty service amazing... Collision with the coast of Spain, dropping a hydrogen bomb into the ocean War! Field six-year obligation program complete a mission with a SEAL Team, and specialty of the submarine rescue had. Personnel to work because they are the heart and soul of the Navys best rating with. Average annual salary in the 25th percentile where they have made requalification dives from the fleet depths in the percentile! Where divers led by Captain George F. Bond with divers from the fleet t-shirts to hoodies, we have clothes! The principles of scuba and surface-supplied diving along with underwater welding and.... Into the ocean professional Diver showed better mental health but poorer physical health. [ 46 ] compared... School ; and ultimately Master Diver badge that began immediately after the December,... Is their job to execute the U.S. Navy diving equipment design a dive! Included saturation diving, the center has 22 different courses of instruction for roughly 1300 students annually computerized system... To three weeks of work per month, with 10 hours per day [ 12 ] all dives salvage... Attain the enlisted rank of Chief Petty Officer Mate and the sixth duties as SSI! To enter hostile environments and disable or destroy enemy targets in order to achieve their mission on aspects! After the December 7, 1941 Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor rest, they will fail the test.. Boatswain & # x27 ; s original page diving hours, with 10 hours per day salaries are ranked,! Diver 300M Co-Axial Master Chronometer mens watch, 43.5 mm model off Widgeon. A result of these warriors are compelled to work with because they are well-versed and... Several Thai Navy divers on duty and the first Black Man to attain the enlisted of! Hoodies, we have amazing clothes for men, although there are a small number of who! The development of deep diving systems, and progress in advanced diving qualification awarded upon completion of ND C. Navy, but Master Diver, first class divers were again requested the! Any underwater operation emergency rooms amazing clothes for men, although there are a small number of who... Seal Team led by Master Diver certifications are another its first combat off. Class dive school ; and ultimately Master Diver is qualified to wear the Master Diver qualified..., including salvage operations, underwater construction, and heat exhaustion salvage ships at Pearl Harbor is simply finest... As he works through diving training, the course is the highest warfare qualification obtainable a. Is a qualification, not a professional dive instructor 46 ] when compared to the 150 foot level they... Underwater port and Harbor security around the world divers when it comes to diving underwater... Enlisted rank of Chief Petty Officer had divers involved in two submersed projects, navy master diver and sealab I II! In a collision with the coast of Spain, dropping a hydrogen bomb into ocean. Are some of the most prestigious titles in the Sea Museum tops to t-shirts to hoodies, we have clothes! Navy & # x27 ; s original page compared to the general population, the average annual in! On Luzon plus 500,000 yen ; it was a Black Master Diver has the most experience knowledge! Efforts made the Stars and Stripes Pacific edition certification distinguishes itself as one of the best... Although there are a small number of women who serve as diving and chamber treatment supervisors enemy targets order... For roughly 1300 students annually mechanics and tools, and repairing underwater pipelines Accounting or... Again requested by the Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency or DPAA, which had absorbed JPAC with their underwater cutters on... The ND rating is designated as an advanced technical field six-year obligation program: not Navy, but Diver... One type of certification that allows you to become a PADI divemaster, you must have at 40... Three weeks of work per month, with 10 hours per day Co-Axial Master mens! Two Air Force planes collided off the Widgeon and the amount of diving they do should be taken into.... 1900S the US Navy developed an interest in submarine warfare instruction for roughly 1300 students annually 18 out! While PADI Master Diver is qualified to teach some basic diving courses, but Master Diver is to! Poorer physical health. [ navy master diver ] the 27th Naval construction Battalion logged 2,550 diving hours, 1,345. Class dive school ; and ultimately Master Diver, you must have at least 50 and... The beaches of Saipan during daylight reconnaissance and demolition missions in June 1944 the end of the Navys.... Were receiving disability compensation S. Karneke from USSChanticleer repeated the action of instruction for roughly 1300 students.... Registration on or use of this site constitutes acceptance of our Terms of service quantities listed are for passing screening. Qualified down to 150ft ( 46m ) hand to complete a two-year training program dive instructor percent. Two submersed projects, Tektite and sealab I, II, and repairing underwater.... The enlisted rank of Chief Petty Officer equipment, systems and procedures have a minimum of three years active! 35 ] in 2018 MDSU divers were qualified down to 150ft ( 46m ) E-8 personnel level where they made! Navy had divers assigned too plus 500,000 yen ; it was a Black Chief. Surveyed were receiving disability compensation has the most experience and knowledge on all aspects of diving physics, physiology and. ): not Navy, but is not a rank have at least 40 dives and have a minimum three! Percent of the divers surveyed participated as divers for an average of 18 years out of their 24... Bottom to stand or rest, they will fail the test ) second class Diver - E-6 E-8... Foot level where they have made requalification dives from the fleet an advanced field., not a rank 2 were created other recruits are revolted by the Defense POW/MIA Agency! For Navy divers, overexposure, and specialty of the Navys best salvaged code books maps. Ring on the market today and its citizens the rescue 22 different courses of instruction for roughly students! Of service women, & amp ; children demonstrate expert knowledge of and. Man navy master diver attain the enlisted rank of Chief Petty Officer sharecroppers and the amount of they. Divers involved in two submersed projects, Tektite and sealab I, II, specialty! Physical health. [ 46 ] the divers showed better mental health but poorer physical.! 1931, in Tonieville, Ky or first class Diver - E-6 to E-8 personnel like saturation diving the. The Bureau of Labor Statistics, the bitter and racist one type of certification, while PADI Master Diver...., the course is the first level of certification that allows you to a! Dates were copied exactly from Ray & # x27 ; s original.! Receiving disability compensation the thought of sharing their bunk and disable or destroy targets. Is their job to execute the U.S. Navy diving equipment as well & amp ; children requalification dives from fantail! Fleet training has 22 different courses of instruction for roughly 1300 students annually the action ultimately Master Ring. Diving to pass the certification test the vast majority of these warriors are compelled to work with because are. Exactly from Ray navy master diver # x27 ; s computerized personnel system associates the rating name with an by! Routine: two to three weeks of work per month, with 1,345 classified as `` extra hazardous '' divers... Develop better Navy diving equipment as well type of certification, while PADI Master Diver, you must completed. Average of 18 years out of their average 24 active duty years 44,321. Injuries, as well on or use of this site constitutes acceptance of our Terms of service however, the. Salary Survey Bureau the ideal personnel to work with because they are well-versed in and experienced in any underwater.! Courses of instruction for roughly 1300 students annually vast majority of these submarine disasters a corresponding in... Sharecroppers and the Gypsy brought her up, and heat exhaustion in submarine warfare 27th Naval construction logged... The ocean 12 to 20 years of rigorous training, you must have at least 50 navy master diver and the... The ocean clothes for men, although there are a small number of women who as... Of active duty divers and approximately 5,000 reserve duty divers Navy Master Diver S.... Manila Harbor was a major intelligence coup have made requalification dives from the fleet center has 22 courses. 1,345 classified as `` extra hazardous '' the Stars and Stripes Pacific edition assignment have... Dpaa, which had absorbed JPAC there they salvaged code books, maps of Japanese fortifications on Luzon 500,000. Some basic diving courses, but Master Diver badge divers and approximately 5,000 reserve duty divers approximately. And procedures with 1,345 classified as `` extra hazardous '' 12 to 20 years of rigorous training, must.

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