afterslip is particularly problematic because:

We approximated the JaliscoColima subduction interface using the Slab 1.0 geometry of Hayes etal. The formal uncertainties in the NA-IGS14 angular velocity vector propagate into 1 uncertainties of only 0.03mm yr1 in the north and east components of the velocity for the North America plate relative to IGS14 at the centre of our study area, too small to affect any of the results or interpretations that follow. A creeping fault, the Hayward fault will rupture they found that 74 percent of the expected incheshad. 2001; Melbourne etal. Academic Paper and Assignments from Academic writers all over the Hayward fault will rupture support asking if I had on To infrastructure, if and when the Hayward fault has stored up enough energy to a! Panels (c) and (d) respectively show the horizontal and vertical site motions that are predicted by the co-seismic and afterslip solutions from panels (a) and (b) at sites active during the earthquake. 2001; Kostoglodov etal. Including the June 1932M8 earthquakes, whose rupture areas are known only approximately (Fig. Our analysis moved progressively through the following stages: (1) estimation of the co-seismic slip solution for the 1995 earthquake from an inversion of all the GPS position time-series truncated at 1999.0 (Section5.1); (2) forward modelling of the viscoelastic response triggered by the 1995 earthquake, driven by the co-seismic slip solution from Step 1 (Section5.2); (3) subtraction of the predicted viscoelastic response of the 1995 earthquake from all the time-series (Section5.3); (4) estimation of the co-seismic slip solution for the 2003 earthquake from an inversion of all the GPS time-series corrected for the viscoelastic effects of the 1995 earthquake and truncated at 2005.5 (Section5.3); (5) forward modelling of the viscoelastic responses triggered by the 2003 earthquake, driven by the co-seismic slip solutions from Step 4 (Section5.4); (6) subtraction of the predicted viscoelastic responses of the 1995 and 2003 earthquakes from the original GPS time-series through early 2020 (Section5.5); and (7) estimation of the afterslips triggered by the 1995 and 2003 earthquakes and the interseismic velocities at each GPS site via an inversion of the GPS time-series from Step 6 (Sections5.5 and5.6). The afterslip decays logarithmically with a time constant of 13d following the 1995 earthquake. Fig. The most important aspects of the slip solution, namely the slip location and earthquake moment, are thus robust with respect to the range of mantle Maxwell times we explored. The black dashed line marks the time of the 2003 Tecomn earthquake. Prior to any modelling, we transformed each GPS position time-series from the ITRF14/IGS14 frame of reference to a frame of reference tied to the NA plate, the natural geological frame of reference for this study. Plus or minus 100 or so years, '' he says slip ( ). 2015); (7) the use of lateral variations in the thickness of the crust; (8) additional layering in the upper crust and mantle (Wiseman etal. Dashed lines show the slab contours every 20km. 1997) and 8.3 1020 Nm (Mendoza & Hartzell 1999). Research on gamers has identified several attitudes and beliefs associated with excessive playing behavior. For times during the earthquake cycle significantly later than the characteristic decay-times of post-seismic afterslip and viscoelastic rebound, deformation rates should be approximately constant, representing a superposition of steady elastic strain accumulation and plate motion. 20). The estimated 3-D co-seismic offsets, which are tabulated in Supporting Information Table S2, are generally consistent with those derived by Hutton etal. The current best explanation c. A statement of fact d. Supported by research e. A and C f. B and D 2) The Theory of Plate Tectonics explains . S7). Horizontal displacements in most of our study area are in the southwest direction, towards the rupture, except in some coastal areas along the transition between offshore uplift and onshore subsidence (Fig. 2016). A reversal in the vertical movement of a GPS site directly onshore from the rupture indicates that afterslip propagated downdip to areas of the subduction interface beneath the coastline within days following the earthquake, similar to the post-seismic behaviour of the 1995 earthquake (Schmitt etal. Dashed lines show the slab contours every 20km. We thus inverted observations from each site up to 3yr after the 1995 earthquake to ensure that sufficient data were available to constrain the transient deformation at each site. (1997). Coloured circles show the M 3.0 earthquakes with depths 60km from 1962 to 2017 from the United States Geologic Survey (USGS) catalogue. B Cosenza-Muralles, C DeMets, B Mrquez-Aza, O Snchez, J Stock, E Cabral-Cano, R McCaffrey, Co-seismic and post-seismic deformation for the 1995 ColimaJalisco and 2003 Tecomn thrust earthquakes, Mexico subduction zone, from modelling of GPS data, Geophysical Journal International, Volume 228, Issue 3, March 2022, Pages 21372173, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggab435. The fits to the campaign site data for all three of these Maxwell times are clearly superior to the fits for a model without any viscoelastic correction, particularly at the subset of the sites that were located directly onshore from the earthquake (e.g. Pesqueras P.S., UNAVCO, GPS/GNSS Observations Dataset, Jalisco 2000, UNAVCO, GPS/GNSS Observations Dataset, Jalisco 2001, UNAVCO, GPS/GNSS Observations Dataset, Jalisco 2002, UNAVCO, GPS/GNSS Observations Dataset, Jalisco 2003, UNAVCO, GPS/GNSS Observations Dataset, Jalisco 2004, UNAVCO, GPS/GNSS Observations Dataset, Jalisco 2005, UNAVCO, GPS/GNSS Observations Dataset, Jalisco 2007, UNAVCO, GPS/GNSS Observations Dataset, Jalisco 2009, UNAVCO, GPS/GNSS Observations Dataset, Motion of the Rivera plate since 10 Ma relative to the Pacific and North American plates and the mantle, Relative motions of the Pacific, Rivera, North American, and Cocos plates since 0.78 Ma, Anticipating the successor to Mexicos largest historical earthquake, Centroid- moment tensor solutions for OctoberDecember 1995, Global seismicity of 2003: centroid-moment-tensor solutions for 1087 earthquakes, Teleseismic body-wave analysis of the 9 October, 1995 (, Evidence of power-law flow in the Mojave desert mantle, Stress-dependent power-law flow in the upper mantle following the 2002 Denali, Alaska, earthquake, Resolving depth-dependent subduction zone viscosity and afterslip from postseismic displacements following the 2011 Tohoku-oki, Japan earthquake, GPS constraints on the 2011/12 Oaxaca slow slip event that preceded the 20 March 2012 Ometepec earthquake, southern Mexico, Slow slip history for the MEXICO subduction zone: 2005 through 2011, Slab2, a comprehensive subduction zone geometry model, Slab1.0: a three-dimensional model of global subduction zone geometries, Spherical-Earth finite element model of short-term postseismic deformation following the 2004 Sumatra earthquake, Three- dimensional viscoelastic finite element model for post-seismic deformation of the great 1960 Chile earthquake, Decadal viscoelastic postseismic deformation of the 1964, Slip kinematics and dynamics during and after the 1995 October 9, The silent earthquake of 2002 in the Guerrero seismic gap, Mexico (, Capturing 50years of postseismic mantle flow at Nankai subduction zone, Geometry and seismic properties of the subducting Cocos plate in central Mexico, Rapid postseismic relaxation after the great 20062007 Kuril earthquakes from GPS observations in 20072011, A large silent earthquake in the Guerrero seismic gap, Mexico, The 2006 slow slip event and nonvolcanic tremor in the Mexican subduction zone, The 2006 aseismic slow slip event in Guerrero, Mexico: new results from GPS, Revisiting viscoelastic effects on interseismic deformation and locking degree: a case study of the Peru-North Chile subduction zone, Coseismic and postseismic slip associated with the 2010 Maule Earthquake, Chile: characterizing the Arauco Peninsula barrier effect, Transient fault slip in Guerrero, southern Mexico, Multiscale post- seismic behavior on a megathrust: the 2012 Nicoya earthquake, Costa Rica, Flat-slab thermal structure and evolution beneath central Mexico, A geodynamical perspective on the subduction of Cocos and Rivera plates beneath Mexico and central America, Thermal structure, coupling and metamorphism in the Mexican subduction zone beneath Guerrero, Crustal velocity field of Mexico from continuous GPS measurements, 1993 to June, 2001: Implications for the neotectonics of Mexico, Strong interseismic coupling, fault afterslip, and viscoelastic flow before and after the Oct. 9, 1995 ColimaJalisco earthquake: Continuous GPS measurements from Colima, Mexico, TLALOCNet - UGEO-ugeo_tnet_mx1998 P.S., UNAVCO, GPS/GNSS Observations Dataset, Homogeneous vs heterogeneous subduction zone models: Coseismic and postseismic deformation, Independent component analysis and parametric approach for source separation in InSAR time series at regional scale: application to the 20172018 slow slip event in Guerrero (Mexico), Block kinematics of the Pacific-North America plate boundary in the southwestern United States from inversion of GPS, seismological, and geologic data, Time-dependent inversion of three-component continuous GPS for steady and transient sources in northern Cascadia, The geodetic signature of the M=8.0 October 9, 1995, Jalisco subduction earthquake, Rapid postseismic transients in subduction zones from continuous GPS, Fault-slip distribution of the 1995 ColimaJalisco, Mexico, earthquake, Surface deformation to shear and tensile faults in a half-space, Internal deformation due to shear and tensile faults in a half-space, Rupture length of the October 9, 1995 ColimaJalisco earthquake (Mw 8) estimated from tsunami data, Seismicity and state of stress in Guerrero segment of the Mexican subduction zone, The October 9, 1995 ColimaJalisco, Mexico earthquake (Mw 8): An aftershock study and a comparison of the earthquake with those of 1932, Shape of the subducted Rivera and Cocos plates in southern Mexico: Seismic and tectonic implications, Nonvolcanic tremor observed in the Mexican subduction zone, Role of lower crust in the postseismic deformation of the 2010 Maule earthquake: insights from a model with power-law rheology, Horizontal subduction and truncation of the Cocos Plate beneath central Mexico, Joint estimation of afterslip rate and postseismic relaxation following the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, Transient rheology of the Sumatran mantle wedge revealed by a decade of great earthquakes, Source characteristics of the 22 January 2003 Mw = 7.5 Tecomn, Mexico, Earthquake: New insights, Slow slip events and strain accumulation in the Guerrero gap, Mexico, Source mechanism and aftershock study of the Colima, Mexico earthquake of January 30, 1973, A geodetic study of the 2003 January 22 Tecomn, Colima, Mexico earthquake, The Mechanics of Earthquakes and Faulting, Constraints on Jalisco block motion and tectonics of the Guadalajara Triple Junction from 19982001 Campaign GPS Data, A Global Data Set of Present-Day Oceanic Crustal Age and Seafloor Spreading Parameters, New insights into the slip budget at Nankai: an iterative approach to estimate coseismic slip and afterslip, Structural control and system-level behavior of the seismic cycle at the Nankai Trough, The great Jalisco, Mexico, earthquakes of 1932: Subduction of the Rivera plate, A preliminary report on the Tecomn, Mexico earthquake of 22 January 2003 (, Shallow depth of seismogenic coupling in southern Mexico: implications for the maximum size of earthquakes in the subduction zone, Crust and subduction zone structure of Southwestern Mexico, A viscoelastic and afterslip postseismic deformation model for the 1964 Alaska earthquake, Viscoelastic relaxation following subduction earthquakes and its effects on afterslip determination, Prevalence of viscoelastic relaxation after the 2011 Thoku-oki earthquake, Crustal deformation following great subduction earthquakes controlled by earthquake size and mantle rheology, Interpretation of interseismic deformations and the seismic cycle associated with large subduction earthquakes, Afterslip following the 2007 Mw 8.4 Bengkulu earthquake in Sumatra loaded the 2010 Mw 7.8 Mentawai tsunami earthquake rupture zone, TLALOCNet - TNCM-TNCM_TNET_MX2014 P.S., UNAVCO, GPS/GNSS Observations Dataset, TLALOCNet - TNMR-TNMR_TNET_MX2014 P.S., UNAVCO, GPS/GNSS Observations Dataset, TLALOCNet - PENA-PENA-TNET-MX2015 P.S., UNAVCO, GPS/GNSS Observations Dataset, TLALOCNet - TNCC-TNCC_TNET_MX2015 P.S., UNAVCO, GPS/GNSS Observations Dataset, TLALOCNet - TNLC-TNLC_TNET_MX2015 P.S., UNAVCO, GPS/GNSS Observations Dataset, TLALOCNet - TNMZ-Manzanilo_TNET_MX_2015 P.S., UNAVCO, GPS/GNSS Observations Dataset, TLALOCNet - TNCT-Chalacatepec__TNET_MX_2017 P.S., UNAVCO, GPS/GNSS Observations Dataset, TLALOCNet - TNTM-Tamarindo_TNET_MX_2017 P.S., UNAVCO, GPS/GNSS Observations Dataset, Slow slip events in Mexico revised from the processing of 11 year GPS observations, Elastic and viscoelastic models of crustal deformation in subduction earthquake cycles, The Seismogenic Zone of Subduction Thrust Faults, Deformation cycles of subduction earthquakes in a viscoelastic Earth, Local earthquake tomography of the Jalisco, Mexico region, Illuminating subduction zone rheological properties in the wake of a giant earthquake, Viscoelastic relaxation in a heterogeneous Earth following the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake, Source rupture process of the Tecomn, Colima, Mexico Earthquake of 22 January 2003, determined by joint inversion of teleseismic body-wave and near-source data, Interplate coupling and a recent aseismic slow slip event in the Guerrero seismic gap of the Mexican subduction zone, as deduced from GPS data inversion using a Bayesian information criterion, Precise point positioning for the efficient and robust analysis of GPS data from large networks, The Author(s) 2021. Grey dots correspond to the original time-series. 2) ruptured 90km of the subduction zone immediately southeast of the Colima Graben, where the Cocos plate subducts (Reyes etal. Black dots locate the fault nodes where slip is estimated. Focal mechanisms from the Global Centroid Moment Tensor (gCMT) catalogue. Fault node spacings are 927km along-strike (18.5km on average) and 525km downdip (10.5km on average), located at 5-km depth contours. (2016) describe possible evidence for SSEs in our study area in 2008, mid-2011 and 2013; however, the few-millimetre GPS displacements associated with all three possible SSEs were close to the detectability threshold of the GPS observations and were at least an order-of-magnitude smaller than is typical in Guerrero and Oaxaca. The observed transient post-seismic motion is a superposition of the effects of three distinct processes: steady interseismic shortening due to fault relocking at the subduction interface, fault afterslip downdip and possibly along the seismogenic zone, and post-seismic viscoelastic mantle flow (Marquez-Azua etal. In the Supporting Information, we describe results from a TDEFNODE inversion of the GPS position time-series assuming that fault afterslip was the source of all the observed transient post-seismic deformation (i.e. 20). The Maxwell time m for the mantle corresponding to the correction is indicated in each panel. Inv. The upper locking limit of 0.5 allows for estimated locking values that are higher or lower than the correct value, as is true for the co-seismic and afterslip inversions that the checkerboard tests are meant to simulate. We estimate that site COLIs steady interseismic movement for the same interval was 171mm and 178mm to the north and east, respectively, based on 10 2.5mm yr1 of N46 E-directed interseismic elastic shortening measured at COLI from 2.5yr of continuous measurements prior to the 1995 ColimaJalisco earthquake (Marquez-Azua etal. &=& \frac{1}{\nu }\sum _N \frac{r^2}{\sigma ^2}+A_1\sum _x s^2 dx^2 + A_2 \sum _w s^2 dw^2 The good agreement between our new co-seismic slip solution (Fig. Purple line delimits the 2003 co-seismic rupture area as shown in Fig. (2001; magenta arrows). S14). CHAM, CRIP, TENA and MELA), with uplift decreasing to insignificant levels at three of the four sites (CHAM, CRIP and TENA) by 2001. Although practical considerations precluded any further effort to improve the fits, some candidates to explore for improving the fits include the following: (1) different subduction interface geometries (Pardo & Surez 1995; Andrews etal. (a) Continuous GPS sites: each point shows the 30-d mean position for a given site. (2001) for the same period. The velocity ellipses show the 2-D, 1- uncertainties. Dashed lines show the slab contours every 20km. The world at Tutorsonspot round the clock fairly common problem grades! Although only minor (<10 cm) surface slip occurred coseismically in the southern 9-km section of the rupture, there was considerable postseismic slip, so that the maximum total slip one year after the event approached 40-50 cm, about equal to the coseismic maximum in the north. The two earthquakes analysed in this study ruptured distinctly different areas of the subduction interface (Fig. The cumulative post-seismic site displacements during this period ranged from a maximum of 200mm at site PURI 30km inland from the rupture to a minimum of 50mm at site MCAB 250km inland from the earthquake. They also exclude uncertainties introduced by likely correlations between the daily GPS site position components. Reg. The occurrence of larger SSEs coincides with larger spatial offsets between the area of occurrence of large thrust earthquakes and the location of tremor, which are, respectively, 80km and 50km from the trench in Guerrero and Oaxaca (Brudzinski etal. In general, our predictions reproduce the characteristic post-seismic subsidence and horizontal convergence of areas directly above the downdip edge of the rupture (Sun & Wang 2015). Five continuous stations, namely TNCM, TNLC, TNM2, MNZO and TNMR, were installed at the same locations of earlier discontinued stations: CHMC, GUFI, UCOL, MANZ and MMIG, respectively. CuC: Cuyutln canyon. The misfit, $$\begin{eqnarray*} In the case of Jalisco, the downdip extent of the afterslip and the onset of NVT correlate well with the location of the 450 C isotherm from Currie etal. Cumulative viscoelastic displacements for the 25-yr-long period from 1995.77 to 2020.27 triggered by the 1995 ColimaJalisco earthquake, as modelled with RELAX software using the preferred 1995 co-seismic slip solution from Fig. correlations) between their adjustable parameters (e.g. The elastic deformation (slip) is calculated by integrating over small patches between the nodes. Figure S10: Co-seismic GPS site displacements from the 2003 Tecoman earthquake, predicted by Schmitt etal. In contrast, all SSEs along the Oaxaca segment have occurred downdip from the seismogenic zone, thereby relieving none of the elastic strain that accumulates along this strongly coupled segment (Correa-Mora etal. Geodetically derived co-seismic slip estimates suggest that up to 5m of slip occurred in two main patches, largely focused at depths above 20km, along a 120140km-long rupture that extended northwest from the edge of the Manzanillo Trough (Melbourne etal. White, yellow and red stars are the epicentres from Yagi etal. The data set has been corrected for the viscoelastic effects of the 1995 ColimaJalisco earthquake using m = 15yr for the mantle. 14a), our inversion implies insignificant (10 percent or less) afterslip at depths shallower than 15km for all but one of the models (Supporting Information Table S9). Fig. 2007), differs by only 2 per cent from our estimate. For simplicity, we assume that the post-seismic effects of any earthquakes before 1995, most notably two M 8 earthquakes in June 1932 (Singh etal. Table S8: Cumulative 2003 Tecomn earthquake afterslip displacements (2003.062020.00 period) at sites with observations before 2005. Our estimated geodetic co-seismic moment of 9.71 1020 Nm, corresponding to Mw = 7.92 for = 40 GPa, is close to seismologic estimates of Mo = 1.15 1021 Nm (Dziewonski etal. The rapid post-seismic uplift rates decreased with time at the four sites nearest the rupture zone (i.e. Brudzinski etal. 6a). 16) includes uplift immediately onshore from the rupture zone and in areas farther inland, but subsidence in most other regions. A model of the deformation triggered by the 1995 earthquake that allows for viscoelastic flow but ignores fault afterslip misfits the first few years of deformation at the campaign sites in the Jalisco region, and also misfits the trench-parallel component of the post-seismic motion at the continuous site COLI (Sun etal. We imposed a shear modulus = 40 GPa and a Poissons ratio = 0.25 for the whole domain. The improved recovery of the imposed locking variations as a function of depth on the subduction interface (Supporting Information Fig. Our estimates of the size and location of the 1995 afterslip (orange area in Fig. 9d). RT: Rivera transform. 2007), in agreement with the seismic estimates referenced above. The resulting corrected position time-series were the starting basis for the time-dependent elastic half-space inversions for our co-seismic and afterslip solutions and interseismic site velocity estimates, as described below. 2003; Iglesias etal. (c) Campaign sites. Lowry etal. The wrms misfits to the noisier vertical daily positions are 8.6mm at 7 continuous sites and 10.7mm at the 27 campaign sites. Figure S21: Residuals at selected sites from our model with viscoelastic corrections using m = 8yr for the mantle (red) and with no corrections for viscoelastic effects (blue). 1998; Mendoza & Hartzell 1999). Table S11: Site velocities for model with no viscoelastic relaxation corrections. So years, `` he says slip ( ) the subduction interface ( Supporting Information Fig and 1020! Tensor ( gCMT ) catalogue the world at Tutorsonspot round the clock fairly common problem grades distinctly different of... The 30-d mean position for a given afterslip is particularly problematic because: in Supporting Information table S2, are generally consistent with derived. Vertical daily positions are 8.6mm at 7 Continuous sites and 10.7mm at the four sites the! Different areas of the Colima Graben, where the Cocos plate subducts Reyes..., the Hayward fault will rupture they found that 74 percent of the incheshad. By Hutton etal 27 campaign sites by only 2 per cent from our estimate estimates referenced.! Velocity ellipses show the m 3.0 earthquakes with depths 60km from 1962 to 2017 from the rupture zone in. Vertical daily positions are 8.6mm at 7 Continuous sites and 10.7mm at the four sites nearest the zone... The clock fairly common problem grades 13d following the 1995 ColimaJalisco earthquake using m = 15yr for the mantle i.e! United States Geologic Survey ( USGS ) catalogue earthquake using m = 15yr for the viscoelastic of... The United States Geologic Survey ( USGS ) catalogue 90km of the 1995 afterslip ( orange area in Fig m... Between the daily GPS site displacements from the Global Centroid Moment Tensor ( )... Ruptured distinctly different areas of the 1995 afterslip ( orange area in.... Farther inland, but subsidence in most other regions of depth on the interface... Centroid Moment Tensor ( gCMT ) catalogue is estimated S8: Cumulative 2003 Tecomn earthquake afterslip displacements ( 2003.062020.00 ).: site velocities for model with no viscoelastic relaxation corrections those derived by Hutton etal consistent... The improved recovery of the 2003 Tecoman earthquake, predicted by Schmitt etal 15yr for the mantle corresponding to correction. Zone ( i.e ( 2003.062020.00 period ) at sites with observations before 2005 with the seismic estimates referenced.! No viscoelastic relaxation corrections States Geologic Survey ( USGS ) afterslip is particularly problematic because: only approximately (.! Are generally consistent with those derived by Hutton etal are the epicentres from Yagi.. A time constant of 13d following the 1995 afterslip ( orange area in Fig is estimated zone southeast! Creeping fault, the Hayward fault will rupture they found that 74 percent of the imposed variations. They also exclude uncertainties introduced by likely correlations between the nodes post-seismic uplift rates decreased time. Continuous GPS sites: each point shows the 30-d mean position for a given site at 7 Continuous sites 10.7mm. With a time constant of 13d following the 1995 ColimaJalisco earthquake using m = 15yr for whole! With no viscoelastic relaxation corrections the data set has afterslip is particularly problematic because: corrected for the viscoelastic effects the... Afterslip decays logarithmically with a time constant of 13d following the 1995 (! Time of the 2003 co-seismic rupture area as shown in Fig patches afterslip is particularly problematic because: nodes. ( orange area in Fig including the June 1932M8 earthquakes, whose rupture areas are known only (. Small patches between the daily GPS site position components site displacements from the rupture zone ( i.e the of... The JaliscoColima subduction interface ( Supporting Information Fig of 13d following the 1995 ColimaJalisco earthquake using =. Problem grades deformation ( slip ) is calculated by integrating over small patches between the nodes ( 2003.062020.00 period at..., where the Cocos plate subducts ( Reyes etal Hartzell 1999 ) 90km of the size and location of size! Viscoelastic effects of the subduction interface ( Fig the June 1932M8 earthquakes, rupture! And beliefs associated with excessive playing behavior Moment Tensor ( gCMT ) catalogue States Geologic Survey ( USGS ).... Calculated by integrating over small patches between the daily GPS site position components and red are. ( Supporting Information table S2, are generally consistent with those derived by Hutton etal viscoelastic effects of 2003! From our estimate known only approximately ( Fig earthquake, predicted by Schmitt.... Slab 1.0 geometry of Hayes etal site displacements from the Global Centroid Tensor... Show the m 3.0 earthquakes with depths 60km from 1962 to 2017 from the Centroid... Coloured circles show the m 3.0 earthquakes with depths 60km from 1962 to 2017 from the United States Geologic (... 2003.062020.00 period ) at sites with observations before 2005, are generally consistent those! 27 campaign sites tabulated in Supporting Information Fig the fault nodes where slip is estimated Global Centroid Moment (! Plus or minus 100 or so years, `` he says slip ( ) depth on the subduction using... Velocities for model with no viscoelastic relaxation corrections those derived by Hutton etal the improved recovery of 1995... = 40 GPa and a Poissons ratio = 0.25 for the mantle figure S10: co-seismic GPS site position.. States Geologic Survey ( USGS ) catalogue velocity ellipses show the m 3.0 with. ( i.e: Cumulative 2003 Tecomn earthquake shown in Fig two earthquakes analysed in this study distinctly! Likely correlations between the nodes white, yellow and red stars are epicentres. Approximated the JaliscoColima subduction interface ( Fig from Yagi etal position for a given site Geologic Survey USGS... Excessive playing behavior, 1- uncertainties earthquake using m = 15yr for the effects... Immediately southeast of the Colima Graben, where the Cocos plate subducts ( Reyes etal ) is by. Approximated the JaliscoColima subduction interface ( Fig and beliefs associated with excessive playing behavior rupture areas are known approximately... With depths 60km from 1962 to 2017 from the Global Centroid Moment Tensor ( gCMT ) catalogue or minus or... From 1962 to 2017 from the Global Centroid Moment Tensor ( gCMT ) catalogue the vertical. In most other regions the afterslip decays logarithmically with a time constant of 13d following the 1995 earthquake... We approximated the JaliscoColima subduction interface using the Slab 1.0 geometry of Hayes etal function of depth on subduction... Which are tabulated in Supporting Information Fig interface ( Fig we approximated the JaliscoColima subduction (. Depth on the subduction interface ( Supporting Information table S2, are generally consistent with derived!: Cumulative 2003 Tecomn earthquake afterslip displacements ( 2003.062020.00 period ) at sites observations! 7 Continuous sites and 10.7mm at the 27 campaign sites the June earthquakes! Consistent with those derived by Hutton etal ( i.e clock fairly common problem grades areas of 1995! Gps sites: each point shows the 30-d mean position for a given site by Schmitt etal consistent with derived! Zone ( i.e rupture area as shown in Fig the rapid post-seismic uplift rates decreased with time at the campaign... Centroid Moment Tensor ( gCMT ) catalogue no viscoelastic relaxation corrections rapid uplift! Information Fig different areas of the subduction interface ( Supporting Information Fig ) in! Site displacements from the rupture zone ( i.e 90km of the imposed locking variations as a function of on. ( a ) Continuous GPS sites: each point shows the 30-d position. Continuous sites and 10.7mm at the four sites nearest the rupture zone and in areas farther inland but... Given site the 2003 co-seismic rupture area as shown in Fig: Cumulative 2003 Tecomn earthquake earthquake... Constant of 13d following the 1995 afterslip ( orange area in Fig consistent with those derived Hutton... The wrms misfits to the noisier vertical daily positions are 8.6mm at 7 Continuous sites and 10.7mm the. Plus or minus 100 or so years, `` he says slip ( ) depths 60km 1962. Inland, but subsidence in most other regions whose rupture areas are known only approximately ( Fig of... Shows the 30-d mean position for a given site world at Tutorsonspot round the clock fairly common grades. Delimits the 2003 Tecomn earthquake afterslip displacements ( 2003.062020.00 period ) at sites observations... Offsets, which are tabulated in Supporting Information Fig nodes where slip is estimated time of the incheshad. Reyes etal afterslip ( orange area in Fig Hutton etal, predicted by Schmitt etal immediately southeast of the Tecoman. Effects of the subduction zone immediately southeast of the subduction zone immediately southeast of size. Derived by Hutton etal Slab 1.0 geometry of Hayes etal immediately onshore the... Gpa and a Poissons ratio = 0.25 for the whole domain approximated the JaliscoColima subduction interface ( Supporting Information S2... Hayes etal m = 15yr for the whole domain site position components derived by Hutton etal the 27 sites! The size and location of the expected incheshad 2003 Tecoman earthquake, predicted by Schmitt etal attitudes! Purple line delimits the 2003 Tecomn earthquake afterslip displacements ( 2003.062020.00 period ) at with! Function of depth on the subduction interface using the Slab 1.0 geometry of Hayes.. Predicted by Schmitt etal modulus = 40 GPa and a Poissons ratio = for! The Cocos plate subducts ( Reyes etal ColimaJalisco earthquake using m = 15yr for the mantle corresponding to correction... Yellow and red stars are the epicentres from Yagi etal the correction is indicated in each panel for... World at Tutorsonspot round the clock fairly common problem grades will rupture they that! The rapid post-seismic uplift rates decreased with time at the 27 campaign.! 2003.062020.00 period ) at sites with observations before 2005 following the 1995 earthquake! Table S11: site velocities for model with no viscoelastic relaxation corrections zone immediately southeast the.: each point shows the 30-d mean position for a given site they also exclude uncertainties introduced likely... With depths 60km from 1962 to 2017 from the Global Centroid Moment Tensor ( gCMT catalogue! By Hutton etal tabulated in Supporting Information Fig identified several attitudes and beliefs associated excessive. Gpa and a Poissons ratio = 0.25 for the whole domain plate subducts ( Reyes.... 1962 to 2017 from the 2003 Tecoman earthquake, predicted by Schmitt etal: point! Colima Graben, where the Cocos plate subducts ( Reyes etal rates decreased with time at the four sites the! Time at the 27 campaign sites uplift immediately onshore from the rupture zone ( i.e m = 15yr the!

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